Kiingereza cha usaili wa kazi: maswali, majibu na makosa

Usaili wa kazi kwa Kiingereza una maswali machache yanayojirudia: Tell me about yourself, Why do you want this job?, What are your strengths? na Do you have any questions for us? Kwa mzungumzaji wa Kiswahili changamoto si maswali yenyewe, bali tafsiri za moja kwa moja na nyakati. Hapa kuna msamiati, majibu ya mfano na makosa ya kuepuka.

Msamiati wa ajira: kutoka Kiswahili kwenda Kiingereza

Kiswahili	Kiingereza	Kumbuka
kuomba kazi	apply for a job	Si beg for a job.
maombi ya kazi	job application	Fomu au barua yote kwa pamoja.
barua ya maombi	cover letter	Pia application letter.
wasifu, CV	CV, résumé	CV Uingereza na Afrika Mashariki; résumé Marekani.
nafasi ya kazi	vacancy, position, opening	I'm applying for the accountant position.
usaili, mahojiano	interview	Anayekuhoji ni interviewer.
uzoefu	experience	Haihesabiki kwa maana ya uzoefu wa kazi.
mshahara	salary, wages	Salary ni ya mwezi au mwaka; wages ya saa, siku au wiki.
mafunzo kwa vitendo	internship	Kenya husema attachment, lakini nje ni internship.
mwajiri, mwajiriwa	employer, employee	Usichanganye -er na -ee.
wadhamini	referees, references	References available on request.

Neno muhimu zaidi hapa ni kuomba. Ninaomba kazi ni Kiswahili cha heshima kabisa, lakini I am begging for a job humfanya mwajiri afikiri unasihi kwa kukata tamaa. Sema I'm applying for the sales manager position, au katika barua: I am writing to apply for...

Tell me about yourself: jibu la sehemu tatu

Swali hili halikuombi historia ya maisha yako. Halikuombi umri, kabila, dini, hali ya ndoa wala kijiji ulichozaliwa. Wasifu wa Afrika Mashariki mara nyingi huanza na taarifa hizo, lakini katika usaili wa kimataifa mwajiri anataka kusikia kazi unayofanya. Tumia mpangilio huu: sasa, zamani, kisha kwa nini nafasi hii.

Sasa: I'm an accountant with three years of experience in auditing. I currently work at a logistics company in Dar es Salaam, where I prepare monthly reports for twelve clients.
Zamani: Before that, I did my internship at a bank, where I learned to work with tight deadlines.
Kwa nini hapa: I'm applying for this position because I want to work with larger clients and grow into a team leader role.

Jibu zima lisizidi dakika moja au mbili. Lifanyie mazoezi kwa sauti hadi uweze kulisema bila kusoma, lakini usilikariri neno kwa neno, kwa sababu jibu lililokaririwa husikika kama unasoma.

Nyakati zinazofaa usaili

Kazi uliyoiacha inachukua past simple, hata kama kwa Kiswahili ungetumia me-: I worked at a hotel in Mombasa for two years, si I have worked there from two years. Kazi unayoendelea nayo inachukua present perfect: I have been working at my current company since January, si I am working there since January.

Mafanikio yaelezwe kwa vitenzi vya vitendo katika past simple: I managed a team of five, I reduced costs, I trained new staff, I opened a new branch. Kwa Kiswahili tunapenda unyenyekevu na kusema tulifanya; Kiingereza cha usaili kinakubali I pale ulipohusika wewe mwenyewe, na mwajiri anataka kujua mchango wako hasa.

Makosa ya Waswahili kwenye usaili

Usiseme	Sema	Kwa nini
I have experience of three years.	I have three years of experience.	Muda hutangulia neno experience.
I am having three years experience.	I have three years of experience.	Have ya kumiliki haichukui -ing.
I have many experiences in sales.	I have a lot of experience in sales.	Experiences ni matukio uliyopitia, si uzoefu wa kazi.
I am a hardworking.	I am hardworking. / I am a hard worker.	Kivumishi hakichukui a bila nomino.
I finished campus in...	I graduated from university in...	Campus ni eneo la chuo, si chuo chenyewe.
I did Form Four.	I completed secondary school.	Mwajiri wa nje hajui mfumo wa Form.
Whatever you will give me.	I'm looking for a salary in the range of...	Jibu la kujishusha husikika kama hujui thamani yako.

Kuhusu campus: Kenya neno hili hutumika kumaanisha chuo kikuu kwa ujumla, kama he is in campus. Kwa Kiingereza cha kimataifa campus ni eneo la majengo ya chuo tu. Kwenye usaili sema I have a degree in economics, I graduated in economics last year, au I'm a recent graduate.

Kuhusu sir na madam: katika usaili wa ndani ni ishara ya heshima, na hakuna ubaya. Katika makampuni mengi ya kimataifa, hasa yale yanayofanya usaili mtandaoni, anayekuhoji akijitambulisha kwa jina, mara nyingi anatarajia umwite kwa jina hilo: Thank you, Sarah. Ukiwa na shaka, anza rasmi kisha fuata anavyozungumza yeye.

Do you have any questions for us?

Kwa utamaduni wetu, kujibu hapana, asante kunaweza kuonekana adabu: hutaki kumsumbua mkubwa. Katika usaili wa Kiingereza, kukosa swali mara nyingi hufasiriwa kama kukosa hamu. Andaa maswali mawili:

What does a typical day look like in this role?
What would you expect me to achieve in the first three months?
What are the next steps in the process?

Usaili mtandaoni

Usaili mwingi siku hizi hufanyika kwa video, na mtandao ukikatika unahitaji misemo tayari badala ya kurudi kwenye Kiswahili:

Can you hear me clearly?
Sorry, you're breaking up. Could you repeat the question?
I think my connection dropped. I'm back now.
Let me turn off my camera for a moment to improve the connection.

Majibu ya usaili yanapimwa kwa ufasaha zaidi kuliko kwa msamiati mgumu. Fanya mazoezi ya kujibu kwa sauti, kana kwamba uko mbele ya anayekuhoji, mpaka sentensi ziwe zako mwenyewe.

Maswali yanayoulizwa mara kwa mara

Ninaomba kazi kwa Kiingereza ni nini?

I'm applying for a job, au kwa nafasi maalum I'm applying for the accountant position. Katika barua rasmi anza na I am writing to apply for. Usitumie beg, ambalo humaanisha kusihi kwa kukata tamaa.

Niseme experience au experiences?

Kwa uzoefu wa kazi tumia experience bila -s: I have five years of experience. Experiences yenye -s ni matukio maalum uliyoyapitia maishani, kama I had some interesting experiences in Zanzibar.

Nijibuje swali la mshahara kwa Kiingereza?

Taja kiwango kwa kujiamini badala ya kumwachia mwajiri: Based on my experience and the role, I'm looking for a salary in the range of, kisha taja kiwango. Epuka whatever you will give me, kwa sababu husikika kama hujui thamani yako.

CV na résumé ni kitu kimoja?

Kwa waajiri wengi ndiyo. CV ndilo neno la Uingereza na Afrika Mashariki, na résumé ndilo la Marekani, ambako mara nyingi hutarajiwa kuwa ukurasa mmoja au miwili tu.